HorthooZ – Kerala GK, PSC Questions & Onam Quiz

Q1 Multiple Choice Question

Tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment with the antibiotic drug 'Isoniazid' (INH) routinely receive supplements of which vitamin to prevent peripheral neuropathy?

A Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) B Vitamin C C Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) D Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)

Q2 Multiple Choice Question

The gold-standard functional laboratory test for definitively diagnosing subclinical Thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency measures the activity of which enzyme in red blood cell hemolysate before and after adding Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TPP)?

A Erythrocyte Transketolase (ETK activation coefficient >15-25% indicates deficiency) B Pyruvate Decarboxylase alone C Aspartate Aminotransferase D Erythrocyte Glutathione Reductase

Q3 Multiple Choice Question

Pernicious Anemia, an autoimmune macrocytic anemia, results from the failure of gastric parietal cells to secrete which glycoprotein essential for the ileal absorption of Vitamin B12?

A Pepsinogen B Gastrin C Castle's Intrinsic Factor D Secretin

Q4 Multiple Choice Question

Which B-vitamin is a structural component of Coenzyme A (CoA) vital for cellular respiration, whose deficiency produces 'Burning Feet Syndrome' (Gopalan's syndrome)?

A Vitamin B7 (Biotin) B Vitamin B9 (Folic acid) C Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) D Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)

Q5 Multiple Choice Question

Genetically modified 'Golden Rice' was bioengineered by Ingo Potrykus to synthesize which provitamin in its edible endosperm, aiming to combat childhood blindness in developing nations?

A Cholecalciferol B Beta-carotene (Provitamin A) C Ascorbic acid D Alpha-tocopherol

Q6 Multiple Choice Question

Deficiency of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine), common in populations consuming diets predominantly of polished white rice, causes which classical disease affecting the peripheral nervous system and heart?

A Beri-beri (Dry and Wet Beriberi) B Scurvy C Rickets D Pellagra

Q7 Multiple Choice Question

Why are high-dose systemic Vitamin A retinoid medications (such as Isotretinoin used for acne) strictly contraindicated in pregnant women?

A It converts directly into toxic alcohol in maternal blood B It causes irreversible infant tooth decay before birth C It destroys all maternal antibodies against viruses D Vitamin A is severely Teratogenic, causing severe craniofacial, cardiac, and neural tube birth defects in the fetus

Q8 Multiple Choice Question

The congenital metabolic disease 'Holocarboxylase Synthetase Deficiency' produces severe metabolic acidosis, lethargy, and alopecia because cells cannot:

A Cleave carotene into retinal inside intestinal enterocytes B Hydrolyze dietary proteins into free amino acids in the stomach C Covalently attach Biotin to the apoenzyme lysine residues of all four human carboxylases D Phosphorylate thiamine into active thiamine pyrophosphate

Q9 Multiple Choice Question

A well-demarcated, hyperpigmented, scaly dermatological rash appearing symmetrically around the neck in Pellagra patients is clinically designated as:

A Koplik's spots B Bitot's spots C Casal's Necklace D Harrison's sulcus

Q10 Multiple Choice Question

Folic acid (Vitamin B9) supplementation is critically prescribed to pregnant women prior to conception and during early pregnancy to prevent which devastating congenital fetal malformation?

A Congenital cataract B Tetralogy of Fallot C Neural Tube Defects (Spina bifida and Anencephaly) D Cleft palate only

Q11 Multiple Choice Question

Deficiency of Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), an essential constituent of FMN and FAD coenzymes, classically presents with fissures and inflammation at the corners of the mouth known as:

A Pellagra B Osteomalacia C Bitot's spots D Cheilosis (Angular Stomatitis)

Q12 Multiple Choice Question

Megaloblastic Anemia, characterized by large, immature, fragile erythroblasts in bone marrow, is caused by the combined or independent deficiency of which two B-vitamins?

A Vitamin C and Vitamin D B Vitamin B9 (Folic acid) and Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) C Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Vitamin B5 D Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

Q13 Multiple Choice Question

Which pair of indispensable biological oxidizing and reducing cofactors are enzymatically synthesized from Vitamin B3 (Niacin)?

A CoA and ACP B PLP and TPP C NAD+ and NADP+ D FAD and FMN

Q14 Multiple Choice Question

In clinical laboratory diagnostics, a deficiency of Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) impairs the normal catabolic breakdown of the amino acid Histidine, causing urinary excretion of:

A Methylmalonic acid B Homogentisic acid C Phenylpyruvic acid D FIGLU (Formiminoglutamic acid)

Q15 Multiple Choice Question

Excessive consumption of carrots or papaya can cause 'Carotenemia' (yellowish-orange pigmentation of the skin), which is clinically differentiated from true Jaundice because in carotenemia:

A The sclera of the eyes remains completely clear and white (sclera is spared) B Bilirubin levels in circulating blood surge over 10 times C The skin becomes intensely itchy all over the body D The urine turns deep brown or dark black

Q16 Multiple Choice Question

Premature neonates with low stores of Vitamin E are clinically susceptible to developing which hematological disorder due to free-radical peroxidation of erythrocyte membranes?

A Aplastic Anemia B Sickle Cell Anemia C Pernicious Anemia D Hemolytic Anemia

Q17 Multiple Choice Question

While Ascorbic Acid enters specialized cells via sodium-dependent vitamin C transporters (SVCT1/2), its oxidized form 'Dehydroascorbic Acid' enters cells rapidly using which ubiquitous membrane carriers?

A Aquaporin water channels B Glucose Transporters (GLUT1, GLUT3, and GLUT4) C Voltage-gated L-type calcium channels D ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters

Q18 Multiple Choice Question

Biotin (Vitamin B7) functions chemically as an essential mobile carrier of activated Carbon Dioxide (CO2) in which category of enzymatic reactions?

A ATP-dependent Carboxylation reactions (e.g., Pyruvate Carboxylase, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase) B Isomerization reactions C Transamination transferring amino groups D Decarboxylation reactions removing CO2

Q19 Multiple Choice Question

In the Methionine-Homocysteine cycle, both Vitamin B12 and Folate are upstream requisites for regenerating S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe), which serves universally across cellular biology as the:

A Specific reducing cofactor for mitochondrial complex I B Direct nuclear receptor antagonist blocking retinoic acid signaling C Primary high-energy phosphate donor replacing ATP in gluconeogenesis D Universal activated methyl group donor for DNA methylation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and phospholipid production

Q20 Multiple Choice Question

Bead-like nodular swellings along the costochondral junctions of the ribs, clinically known as 'Rachitic Rosary', are a classical physical hallmark of which deficiency disease in children?

A Scurvy (Vitamin C deficiency) B Rickets (Vitamin D deficiency) C Beri-beri (Vitamin B1 deficiency) D Pellagra (Vitamin B3 deficiency)

Vitamins